Internal-combustion engine



YApril 22, 1930. ||v 1 JOHNSON 1,755,260

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 27, 1927 INVENToR..

A TTORNE Y.

. Patented Apr.- 22, 1930 y UNITED STATES PATENr OFFICE HARRY L. JOHNSON, OF WAUKEGAN, ILLINOIS, .ASSIGNOB 'TO JOHNSON BROTHERS ENGINEERING CORPORATION, nOF WAUKEGAN ,ILLINOIS INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINEJ Applicatioxi filed December 27, 1927. Serial No. 242,79@

The invention relates to internal combustion engines, particularl of the two-cycle type, and has for its object to provide a device of this character wherein the charge is highly compressed in a restricted chamber in the under side of the piston upon the downward stroke thereof, and which charge at the end of the downward stroke is transferred through a by-pass port to the combusi ,1 0 tion chamber above the piston and fired, the

will restrict the compression chamber below.

the iston, thereby creating ar greater suction in t e carburetor and. admitting more air,

v"and providing a high compression of the vgases before the transfer operation, and which highly compressed gas is morespeedily by-passed into .the combustion chamber -and facilitates a more rapid exhausting of the burnt gases, hence a higher operating speed of the engine is obtained.

A further ob'ect is to provide. a closure cooperating wit ar cylinder and piston to produce a high compression chamber for the charge to be transferred, and means whereby rocating and oscillating motion through the closure, and at the Sametime preventing material escape of gases. during the compresi sion thereof.

A further object is to provide the slidable plate with an .annular flange bent to form an annular concave bearing for a ball through which the connecting rodis slidably mounted thereby reducing the parts to a minimum which is particularly desirable in a high speed motor With the above and other objects in view the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter set described and,A claimed, it being understood that changesv forth, shown in the drawing,

in the preciseembodiment of th-e invention ma be madev within the'scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of thevinvention. l

In the drawing:

the connecting rod may operate with a recip- Figure l is a vertical longitudinal secltional view through the engine.

Figure 2.is a horizontal. sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1u Referring to the drawing, thenumeral 1 designates the casing of the engine and 2 the cylinder, which cylindern and' casing are provided with registering flanges 3,. through .which the bolts 4 extend fory holding the same together. Disposed within the lower end of the casing 2 and in s aced relation to the inner periphery thereo is an upwardly extending dome' 5, the'lower end of which is provided with a horizontally disposed flange 6, which extends between the flanges 3 and is securely held by means of the bolts 4, therefore it will be seen that the dome 5 is rigidly supported in spaced relation to the inner pe` riphery of the cylinder 2, and in a position where the skirt 7 of the piston -8 may passj downwardly .around the dome in spaced relation to the dome. The dome. 5 forms means'f for extendingupwardly into the compression chamber V9 of the piston for. restricting the. content thereof, thereby allowing the gases taken in; through -the intake port 10 to be highly compressed before they pass through the iston skirt port 11, which registers with the lower end of the transfer port 12 when the piston 8 .is at the lower end of its stroke. When al charge isbeing compressed in the compression chamber 9,. there is an exhaust operatioir fromv the combustion chamber 13 through the exhaust port 14, and. during a portion of said exhaust operation the highly,

compressed gas is bypassed through the bypass port 12 into the combustion chamber 13, being deflected upwardly by the deflectvthe connecting rod 17 extends and which aperture is sufficiently elongated to allow freedom of oscillation of the connecting'rod v during the rotation of the crank 18. Slidably mounted on the connecting rd 17 is a bearing .ball 19, which bearing ball is vrockably v engine is particularly adapted for high speed motor boats and the like, and where it is desired to obtain a very high compression and high speed irrespective of loss of fuel to a certain extent, for instance during the exhaust operation, or from any leakage around the connecting rod. Heretofore, in engines of this character, the crank case has been` used as a compression chamber but the cubical content thereof is so large that a high compression can not be obtained, which objection is overcome by providing the dome and utilizing the chamber within the piston as a compression chamber, andby which structure it is obvious a relatively small compression chamber may be formed for high compression. While the above is a description of one form of the invention, it is obvious that other forms may be used to obtain the same result without departing from .the spirit of the invention.

The invention havingbeen set forth, what is claimed as new and useful is 1. The combination withpan internal com bustion engine having a cylinder,-a piston, and a/connectin rodcarried by said piston and adapted to ave a reciprocating and an oscillating movement, of a closure extending Awithin and cooperating with saidcylinder to lorm a compression chamber, said connecting rod operating through said closure, and means shiftable along av substantially straight path, associated with said closure and connecting rod to maintain, said closure intact injthe movements of the connecting rod. 2. The combination with an internalcombustion engine having' a cylinder, and a piston slidable in said cylinder,l a connecting rod carried by said piston-,of a-closure extending into the piston and cooperating with the cylinder to form a compressionchamber,

said connecting rod operating through amember carried by said closure and oscillatable along avsubstantially straight path.

3. The combination with an internal combustion .engine having a cylinder, a-piston,`

the movement of the connecting lrod, said closure means hav-ing a substantially straight' line movement.

4."The combination with a chambered piston mounted in a cylinder, of a dome having a substantially flat upper portion extending into said chamber in the movement of the piston and cooperating with the piston to form a compression chamber. c

5. The combination with a chambered vpiston slidably mounted in a cylinder, a connecting rod, of a domeu having a substantially flat upper portion extending into the chamber of the piston in the movemnt of the piston, said connecting rod operating through said dome. Y l

6. The combination with a chambered piston slidably mounted in a cylinder, and a connecting rod carried by the piston, of a dome having a substantially fiat upper portion adapted to extend into saidchamberl during the movement of the piston, said connecting rod extending through the dome and having an oscillating and reciprocating relation thereto.v i

7. The combination ywith a two-cycle internal combustion engine of the transfer type, of a dome having a substantially flat upper portion extending upwardly into a compression chamber of a fpistonfa connecting rod carried by said piston, said connecting rod having an oscillating and reciprocating connection with the dome.

8. The combination with a piston slidably mounted in a cylinder and having a chamber in the under side thereof and transfer means to the upper side of the piston, of a dome telescoped by the piston having a sub- 9. The combinationl with an vinternal com-A bustion engine having a cylinder, a piston slidable in said cylinderfa connecting rod carried by said piston, of adome mounted in said engine and adaptedv to be telescoped by .said piston, saidl dome carrying a slidable member Vthrough which the connecting rod operates, said member being slidable along a substantially straight path. j

10, The combination with an internal combustion engine having'a cylinder, apiston,

'and a connecting rod carried by said piston,

of"a dome adapted to be telescoped by said piston, said domevcarrying a movable closure means through which said connecting rod operates, said .closure means being movable along a substantially straight path.

1l. The combination -with an internal combustion' engine havinga cylinder, a piston,

and ay connecting rod carried byy said piston,"

of a dome adapted-to beteleslcoped by said pistonfsaid dome carryinga movable closure .means through which said'- `connecting rod operates and is controlledy by the movement of. the connecting rod, said'closure means beitllilg movable along'a 'substantially straight pt."l"` f* -'\v 1,2. rlhe -combination with a piston slidably mounted in a cylinder and having a chamber in the under side thereof and transfer means to theI upper side of the piston, a connecting rod carried by the piston, of a dome extending upwardly into the chamber of the piston and forming the bottom of a combustion chamber, a slidable bearing carried by said dome, said connecting rod being slidably mounted in saidA slidable bearing, said bearing being slidable along a substantially straight path. f

13. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a piston into which a dome extends, which dome forms the bottom of a compression chamber, a connecting rod carried by said piston, of a member slidably mounted in the dome and forming aclosure for. an opening through which the connecting rod extends, a ball slidably mounted on the connecting rod, andan annular, upwardly extending, concave flange carried by the slidable member and in which the ball is rockably mounted.

14. The combination with an internal combustion engine piston having an oscillating connecting rod, a dome vforming a wall of a compression chamber', of. a connection between said connecting rod andv dome, said 'connection comprising a plate slidably,

mounted in a recess of the dome, a retaining plate for said last named plate, said first named plate having an annular, upwardly extending, flange, a .ball rockably mounted reciprocable plate,` of dome shaped means whereby the opening in the plate is maintained substantially closed; f i

18. In combination with a cylinder and ai crank caseof an internal combustion engine and a piston slidable within said cylinder, of a closure means co-operating with said cylinder to form a restricted compression chamber, .a connecting rod carried by said piston and extending through said closure, slidable means carried'by the closure and actuated by the connecting rodto maintain a seal between the vclosure and theconnectingrod'during the reciprocating and oscillating' movement 'of the latter, and a removable cover member to permit the removal of thel slidable means carried by said closure.

V19. The combinationy of an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a piston in said flange, said connecting rod being slidably mounted in said ball.

l 15. An internal combustion ,en-gine comprising a cylinder having an exhaust port and an intakel ort, a by-pass port, a chambered vspiston sli abl mounted 1n said'cylinder, a 40 dome carried by said cylinder and having a iat top adapted to extend into the chamber f ofthe piston close to the under sidejof the piston initsoutermost position and restrict the cubical contentl thereof on Acompressicn strokes, a connecting rod carried by sald piston, Said connectm rod havingv a substantially gas ti htI roc able and transversely slidable bearmg connection 4withpthe flat top of the dome.

16. An engine comprising a viianged cylcase, .a crank shaft, of a partition secured bevtween the anged ends of the cylinder and crank case havinga flat-topped dome extending upwardly. into the cylinder closely ad- 4 jacent the piston pin' connection, andra coninder, a piston, an outwardly .flanged ,crank gas tight transversely s'lidable movement l 50 through the dome of said partition.

17The combination with a piston slidl ably m untedA in a cylinder, a crankshaft, a conne@ in. 2- sh'aft, an said rod reciprocating. and oscillating through an opening/in a horizontally rod attached tofs'aid pistonvand- 'loo . nor 

